Horumarinta warshadaha casriga ah ayaa dhigay baahida sii kordheysa ee deegaanka tijaabada, cilmi baarista iyo wax soo saarka. Habka ugu muhiimsan ee lagu gaari karo shuruudahan waa in si ballaaran loo isticmaalo filtarrada hawada nidaamyada qaboojinta nadiifka ah. Waxaa ka mid ah, filtarrada HEPA iyo ULPA waa difaaca ugu dambeeya ee walxaha boodhka ah ee galaya qolka nadiifka ah. Waxqabadkeedu wuxuu si toos ah ula xiriiraa heerka qolka nadiifka ah, taas oo iyana saameynaysa habka iyo tayada alaabta. Sidaa darteed, waxaa macno leh in cilmi-baaris tijaabo ah lagu sameeyo shaandhada. Waxqabadka iska caabinta iyo shaandhaynta labada filtar ayaa la barbardhigay xawaaraha dabaysha ee kala duwan iyadoo la cabbirayo waxtarka shaandhaynta muraayadda muraayadda iyo shaandhada PTFE ee 0.3 μm, 0.5 μm, 1.0 μm PAO qaybaha. Natiijooyinku waxay muujinayaan in xawaaraha dabayshu uu yahay arrin aad muhiim u ah oo saameeya waxtarka sifaynta ee filtarrada hawada HEPA. Mar kasta oo xawaaraha dabayshu uu sarreeyo, hoos ayuu u dhigayaa waxtarka sifaynta, saamayntuna aad ayay uga caddahay filtarrada PTFE.
Erayada muhiimka ah:filter hawada HEPA;Waxqabadka iska caabinta; waxqabadka sifaynta; Waraaqda shaandhada PTFE; warqad filter fiber galaas; filter fiber galaas.
Lambarka CLC:X964 Koodhka aqoonsiga dukumeentiga: A
Horumarka joogtada ah ee sayniska iyo tignoolajiyada, wax soo saarka iyo casriyeynta wax soo saarka warshadaha casriga ah waxay noqdeen kuwo aad u badan oo u baahan nadaafadda hawada gudaha. Gaar ahaan, microelectronics, caafimaadka, kiimikaad, bayooloji, habaynta cuntada iyo warshadaha kale waxay u baahan yihiin yaraynta. Saxnaanta, nadiifinta sare, tayada sare iyo kalsoonida sare ee deegaanka gudaha, kaas oo dhigaya shuruudaha sare iyo sare ee waxqabadka shaandhada hawada HEPA, markaa sida loo sameeyo shaandhada HEPA si loo daboolo baahida macaamiisha ayaa noqotay baahi degdeg ah oo soo saarayaasha. Mid ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka la xaliyay [1-2]. Waxaa la og yahay in waxqabadka iska caabinta iyo hufnaanta shaandheynta ee shaandheynta ay yihiin laba tilmaame oo muhiim ah oo lagu qiimeeyo shaandhada. Warqadani waxay isku dayeysaa inay falanqeyso waxqabadka sifeynta iyo waxqabadka iska caabinta shaandhada hawada HEPA ee agabyada shaandhada kala duwan ee tijaabooyinka [3], iyo qaababka kala duwan ee walxaha shaandhada isku midka ah. Waxqabadka shaandhaynta iyo sifooyinka caabbinta ee filtarka ayaa bixiya aasaas aragtiyeed soo saaraha shaandhada.
1 Falanqaynta habka tijaabada
Waxaa jira habab badan oo lagu ogaanayo filtarrada hawada HEPA, dalal kala duwanina waxay leeyihiin heerar kala duwan. Sannadkii 1956-kii, Guddiga Millateriga ee Maraykanku waxay soo saareen USMIL-STD282, heerka tijaabada shaandhada hawada ee HEPA, iyo habka DOP ee tijaabinta hufnaanta. Sannadkii 1965kii, waxaa la aasaasay halbeegga Ingiriiska ee BS3928, waxaana la isticmaalay habka ololka soodhiyamka ee ogaanshaha waxtarka leh. Sannadkii 1973, Ururka Hawo-qaadista Yurub waxay soo saareen heerka Eurovent 4/4, kaas oo raacay habka ogaanshaha ololka sodium. Ka dib, Bulshada Maraykanka ee Tijaabinta Deegaanka iyo Sayniska Hufnaanta Shaandhaynta waxay soo diyaarisay heerar isku mid ah oo taxane ah oo loogu talagalay hababka tijaabinta ee lagu taliyey, dhammaantoodna isticmaalaya habka tirinta DOP caliper. 1999, Yurub waxay dejisay heerka BSEN1822, kaas oo adeegsada cabbirka walxaha ugu hufan (MPPS) si loo ogaado hufnaanta sifaynta [4]. Heerka ogaanshaha ee Shiinaha wuxuu qaataa habka ololka soodhiyamka. Habka ogaanshaha shaandhada hawada ee HEPA ee loo adeegsaday tijaabadan waxa lagu sameeyay iyadoo lagu salaynayo heerka US 52.2. Habka ogaanshaha waxa uu isticmaalaa habka tirinta caliper, iyo aerosolku waxa uu isticmaalaa qaybo PAO.
1. 1 qalab weyn
Tijaabadani waxay isticmaashaa laba xisaabiye oo qayb ka ah, kuwaas oo fudud, ku habboon, degdeg ah oo dareen leh marka la barbar dhigo qalabka kale ee fiirsashada walxaha [5]. Faa'iidooyinka kor ku xusan ee miiska walxaha ayaa ka dhigaya inay si tartiib tartiib ah u beddelaan hababka kale oo ay noqdaan habka ugu muhiimsan ee baaritaanka walxaha. Waxay tirin karaan tirada qaybaha iyo qaybinta cabbirka walxaha (tusaale, tirinta tirinta), taas oo ah qalabka asaasiga ah ee tijaabadan. Heerka socodka muunadku waa 28.6 LPM, bamkiisa faakuumka kaarboon la'aanta ah wuxuu leeyahay sifooyin buuq yar iyo waxqabad deggan. Haddii doorashada la rakibo, heerkulka iyo qoyaanka iyo sidoo kale xawaaraha dabaysha ayaa la cabbiri karaa waxaana la tijaabin karaa shaandhada.
Habka ogaanshaha waxa uu isticmaalaa hawada hawada isaga oo isticmaalaya walxaha PAO sidii boodh la sifeynayo. Waxaan isticmaalnaa koronto-dhaliyeyaasha hawada (Aerosol generations) ee qaabka TDA-5B ee laga soo saaro Mareykanka. Baaxadda dhacdadu waa 500 – 65000 cfm (1 cfm = 28.6 LPM), xooga saaridu waa 100 μg / L, 6500 cfm; 10 μg / L, 65000 cfm.
1. 2 qol nadiif ah
Si loo hagaajiyo saxnaanta tijaabada, shaybaarka heerka 10,000 ayaa la nashqadeeyay oo la qurxiyay si waafaqsan Heerarka Federaalka ee Mareykanka 209C. Dabaqa dahaarka ayaa loo isticmaalaa, kaas oo lagu gartaa faa'iidooyinka terrazzo, xirashada caabbinta, xirida wanaagsan, dabacsanaanta iyo dhismaha adag. Maaddadu waa lacquer epoxy, darbiguna waxa uu ka samaysan yahay qolqol nadiif ah oo la soo ururiyey. Qolku wuxuu ku qalabaysan yahay 220v, 2 × 40w nadiifinta 6 nalalka waxaana loo habeeyey si waafaqsan shuruudaha iftiinka iyo qalabka goobta. Qolka nadiifka ah wuxuu leeyahay 4 xarumood oo hawada sare ah iyo 4 dekedood oo hawada lagu soo celiyo. Qolka qubayska hawada waxaa loogu talagalay kontoroolka taabashada caadiga ah ee keli ah. Waqtiga qubeyska hawadu waa 0-100s, iyo xawaraha dabaysha ee sanbabada mugga hawada wareegeysa ee la hagaajin karo ayaa ka weyn ama la mid ah 20ms. Sababtoo ah aagga qolka nadiifka ah waa <50m2 shaqaaluhuna waa <5 qof, ka bixitaan badbaado leh ayaa la siiyay qolka nadiifka ah. Filterka HEPA ee la doortay waa GB01 × 4, mugga hawadu waa 1000m3 / h, iyo waxtarka sifaynta ayaa ka weyn ama la mid ah 0.5μm iyo 99.995%.
1. 3 tijaabo oo tijaabo ah
Moodooyinka filter fiber galaas waa: 610 (L) × 610 (H) × 150 (W) mm, nooca baffle, 75 laalaabkii, cabbirka 610 (L) × 610 (H) × 90 (W) mm, oo leh 200 pleats, PTFE leh cabbir 480 (L) × 480, nooca shaandhada 480 (L) × 480 100 laalaab.
2 Mabaadi'da aasaasiga ah
Mabda'a aasaasiga ah ee kursiga tijaabada ayaa ah in marawaxada lagu afuufo hawada. Maadaama HEPA/UEPA ay sidoo kale ku qalabaysan yihiin shaandhada hawada HEPA, waxa loo qaadan karaa in hawadu noqotay hawo nadiif ah ka hor inta aanay gaadhin HEPA/UEPA la tijaabiyey. Qalabku wuxuu ku sii daayaa walxaha PAO ee dhuumaha si uu u sameeyo fiirsashada la doonayo ee gaasta ku jirta boodhka wuxuuna isticmaalaa miiska walxaha laysarka si loo go'aamiyo diiradda walxaha. Gaaska boodhka ku jira ayaa markaa ku qulqulaya HEPA/UEPA ee la tijaabiyey, waxaana sidoo kale la cabbiraa xadhkaha boodhka hawada ee ay shaandhayso HEPA/UEPA iyada oo la isticmaalayo qalabka laysarka, waxaana la barbar dhigaa fiirsiga boodhka hawadu ka hor iyo ka dib shaandhada, taas oo lagu ogaanayo HEPA/UEPA. Shaandhee waxqabadka Intaa waxaa dheer, godadka muunada siday u kala horreeyaan ayaa loo habeeyaa shaandhada ka hor iyo ka dib, caabbinta xawli kasta oo dabaysha waxaa lagu tijaabiyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo cabbirka cadaadiska yar yar ee halkan.
3 isbarbardhigga waxqabadka iska caabinta filter
Sifada iska caabinta HEPA waa mid ka mid ah sifooyinka muhiimka ah ee HEPA. Iyada oo la raacayo qaabka loo daboolayo waxtarka baahida dadka, sifooyinka caabbinta waxay la xiriiraan kharashka isticmaalka, iska caabintu waa yar tahay, isticmaalka tamarta waa yar yahay, kharashkana waa la badbaadiyay. Sidaa darteed, waxqabadka iska caabinta filtarku wuxuu noqday walaac. Mid ka mid ah tilmaamayaasha muhiimka ah.
Marka loo eego xogta cabbirka tijaabada ah, xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya celceliska xawaaraha dabaysha ee labada filtarrada qaabdhismeedka kala duwan ee fiber galaaska iyo shaandhada PTFE iyo farqiga cadaadiska shaandhada ayaa la helay.Xiriirka waxaa lagu muujiyay sawirka 2:
Waxaa laga arki karaa xogta tijaabada ah in marka xawaaraha dabayshu uu kordho, caabbinta filtarku si toos ah u korodho min hoose ilaa sare, iyo labada xariiq ee tooska ah ee labada filtar ee fiber galaas si aad ah isku mid ah. Way fududahay in la arko marka xawaaraha dabaysha sifaynta uu yahay 1 m/s, iska caabinta shaandhada fiber-ka galaasku waxay qiyaastii afar jeer ka badan tahay shaandhada PTFE.
Ogaanshaha aagga shaandhada, xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya xawaaraha wejiga iyo kala duwanaanshaha cadaadiska shaandhada ayaa laga soo saari karaa:
Waxaa laga arki karaa xogta tijaabada ah in marka xawaaraha dabayshu uu kordho, caabbinta filtarku si toos ah u korodho min hoose ilaa sare, iyo labada xariiq ee tooska ah ee labada filtar ee fiber galaas si aad ah isku mid ah. Way fududahay in la arko marka xawaaraha dabaysha sifaynta uu yahay 1 m/s, iska caabinta filtarka muraayadda muraayadda ayaa qiyaastii afar jeer ka badan shaandhada PTFE
Ogaanshaha aagga shaandhada, xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya xawaaraha wejiga iyo kala duwanaanshaha cadaadiska shaandhada ayaa laga soo saari karaa:
Farqiga u dhexeeya xawaaraha dusha sare ee labada nooc ee filtarrada iyo kala duwanaanshaha cadaadiska shaandhada ee labada waraaqood ee shaandhada, caabbinta filtarrada leh qeexida 610 × 610 × 90mm isla xawaaraha dusha sare ayaa ka sarreeya qeexitaanka 610 ×. Iska caabinta shaandhada 610 x 150mm
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, way caddahay in isla xawaaraha dusha sare, caabbinta filtarka muraayadda muraayadda ayaa ka sarreeya caabbinta PTFE. Waxay muujinaysaa in PTFE ay ka sarreyso shaandhada fiber-ka galaaska marka loo eego waxqabadka iska caabinta. Si loo sii fahmo sifooyinka shaandhada muraayadda muraayadda iyo iska caabbinta PTFE, tijaabooyin dheeraad ah ayaa la sameeyay. Si toos ah u baro caabbinta labada waraaqood ee shaandhada marka xawaaraha dabayshu is beddelo, natiijooyinka tijaabada ah ayaa lagu muujiyay hoos:
Tani waxay sii xaqiijinaysaa gabagabada hore in caabbinta xaashida shaandhada fiber-ka galaas ay ka sarreyso tan PTFE ee isla xawaaraha dabaysha [6].
4 isbarbardhigga waxqabadka filter filter
Marka loo eego shuruudaha tijaabada, waxtarka shaandhaynta ee shaandhada qaybaha leh cabbirka qaybeed ee 0.3 μm, 0.5 μm, iyo 1.0 μm ee xawaaraha dabaysha kala duwan ayaa la cabbiri karaa, waxaana la helay shaxdan soo socota:
Sida iska cad, waxtarka sifaynta ee labada shaandhada fiber-ka galaaska ee qaybaha 1.0 μm ee xawaarahooda dabayshu kala duwan tahay waa 100%, waxtarka sifaynta ee qaybaha 0.3 μm iyo 0.5 μm ayaa hoos u dhacaysa kororka xawaaraha dabayshu. Waxaa la arki karaa in waxtarka shaandhaynta ee shaandhada qaybaha waaweyni ay ka sarreeyaan qaybaha yaryar, iyo waxqabadka shaandhaynta ee 610 × 610 × 150 mm filter ayaa ka sarreeya shaandhada qeexitaanka 610 × 610 × 90 mm.
Isticmaalka isla habka, garaaf muujinaya xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya waxtarka sifaynta ee 480 × 480 × 70 mm filter PTFE sida shaqada xawaaraha dabaysha ayaa la helay:
Isbarbardhigga sawirka 5 iyo sawirka 6, saamaynta shaandhaynta ee 0.3 μm, 0.5 μm shaandhada qurubyada walxaha ayaa ka fiican, gaar ahaan 0.3 μm saamaynta ka soo horjeeda boodhka. Saamaynta sifaynta ee saddexda qaybood ee qaybaha 1 μm waxay ahayd 100%.
Si si dareen leh loo barbar dhigo waxqabadka shaandhaynta ee shaandhada fiber-ka galaaska iyo shayga shaandhada PTFE, tijaabooyinka waxqabadka shaandhada ayaa si toos ah loogu sameeyay labada waraaqood ee shaandhada, jaantuskan soo socda ayaa la helay:
Shaxda kore waxaa lagu helaa iyadoo la cabbirayo saameynta sifeynta ee PTFE iyo warqad filter fiber galaas ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha 0.3 μm ee xawaaraha dabaysha ee kala duwan [7-8]. Waa wax iska cad in waxtarka sifaynta ee xaashida shaandhada PTFE ay ka hooseyso tan warqadda shaandhada fiber-ka galaaska.
Iyadoo la tixgelinayo sifooyinka iska-caabbinta iyo sifeynta walxaha shaandhada, way fududahay in la arko in walxaha shaandhada PTFE ay ku habboon yihiin samaynta shaandhada aan dhab ahayn ama sub-HEPA, iyo walxaha shaandhada muraayadda muraayadda ayaa aad ugu habboon samaynta filtarrada HEPA ama ultra-HEPA.
5 Gabagabo
Rajada laga qabo codsiyada kala duwan ee shaandhada waxaa lagu sahamiyaa isbarbardhigga guryaha iska caabbinta iyo sifooyinka sifeynta ee filtarrada PTFE ee leh filtarrada fiber galaaska. Tijaabada waxaan ka soo qaadan karnaa gabagabada in xawaaraha dabayshu uu yahay arrin aad muhiim u ah oo saameeya saamaynta sifaynta ee filtarka hawada HEPA. Mar kasta oo xawaaraha dabayshu uu sarreeyo, hoos u dhaca waxtarka shaandhaynta, ayaa si cad u muuqda saamaynta shaandhada PTFE, iyo guud ahaan shaandhada PTFE waxay leedahay saamayn sifeyn hoose marka loo eego shaandhada fiberglass-ka, laakiin iska caabintiisu way ka hoosaysaa kan shaandhada fiber-ka galaaska. Sidaa darteed, walxaha shaandhada PTFE waxay ku habboon yihiin samaynta shaandhada waxtarka leh ee aan dhab ahayn ama hooseeya, iyo walxaha muraayadda muraayadda ayaa ku habboon wax soo saarka. Filter wax ku ool ah ama aadka u hufan. Fiidhka dhalada ah ee HEPA filter oo leh qeexitaan 610 × 610 × 150mm wuxuu ka hooseeyaa 610 × 610 × 90mm fiber fiber HEPA filter, iyo waxqabadka sifaynta ayaa ka fiican 610 × 610 × 90mm shaandhada galaas fiber HEPA filter. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, qiimaha alaabta shaandhada PTFE ee saafiga ah ayaa ka sarreeya kan fiber-ka galaaska. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka la barbar dhigo fiber galaas, PTFE waxay leedahay iska caabin heerkul ka wanaagsan, iska caabin daxalka iyo hydrolysis ka badan fiber galaas. Sidaa darteed, arrimo kala duwan waa in la tixgeliyaa marka la soo saarayo shaandhada. Isku dhafka farsamada iyo waxqabadka dhaqaalaha.
Tixraacyo:
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[2] CN Davis Air Filter [M], waxaa tarjumay Huang Riguang. Beijing: Saxaafadda tamarta Atoomikada, 1979.
[3] GB/T6165-1985 hufnaanta sare ee waxqabadka shaandhada hawada gudbinta iyo iska caabinta [M]. Xafiiska Heerarka Qaranka, 1985.
[4]Xing Songnian. Habka ogaanshaha iyo codsiga la taaban karo ee shaandhaynta hawada waxtarka sare leh[J]• Qalabka Kahortagga Cudurrada Nafleyda, 2005, 26(1): 29-31.
[5] Hochrainer. Horumarinta dheeraadka ah ee miiska walxaha
sizerPCS-2000glass fiber [J]•Filter Journal of AerosolScience, 2000,31(1): 771-772.
[6]E. Weingartner, P. Haller, H. Burtscher iwm. Cadaadis
DropAcrossFiberFilters[J]• Sayniska Aerosol, 1996, 27(1): 639-640.
[7]Michael JM iyo Clyde Orr. Sifeynta-Mabaadi'da iyo Dhaqanka[M].
New York:MarcelDekkerInc, 1987•
[8] Zhang Guoquan. Makaanik Aerosol - aasaaska aragtiyeed ee ka saarista boodhka iyo nadiifinta [M] • Beijing: Shiinaha Sayniska Deegaanka, 1987.
Waqtiga boostada: Jan-06-2019